Испания

As part of migration processes from Africa and the Middle East to Europe, the route through the Western Mediterranean has gained popularity in recent years. In this regard, the relationship between Spain and the Maghreb countries in terms of migration is strategically important. This article identifi es the main immigration routes to Spain from the Maghreb based on statistical data from recent years. The innovations of 2025 in migration legislation are given. The main document introducing signifi cant changes in the fi eld of migration was Royal Decree No.

The article covers theoretical and practical aspects of implementing foreign cultural policy by Spain. Drawing on various studies (both Russian and foreign ones) and official documents, the specific nature of the foreign cultural activity of Spain is analyzed and a conclusion is made about potential lines of its further development.

The high proportion of the immigrants from Russia characterized by the ethnic and religious diversity actualizes the economic and socio-cultural integration of immigrants to ensure the security and stability of society. To develop migrant integration programs in Russia at the national and regional levels and evaluate their effectiveness, it is important to analyze the experience of Spain, a country with the similar structure of migration fl ows and regional aspects of integration.