EU

The European neighbourhood policy is under difficult conditions of development. The transformation of the internal situation caused by the UK’s exit from the EU, the migrant crisis, the differentiation of the EU member States, as well as the complication of the situation in the international arena cause the EU’s response to the change of the doctrine of the «new neighborhood», especially in those countries that are most interested in contacts with Brussels (Georgia). A retrospective analysis of changes in the doctrine of «new neighborhood» in Georgia is considered.

This article demonstrates the flaws of EU intelligence agencies the past decade in the field of counterterrorism, in particular regarding Jihadi terrorism. Since 2014 the West European countries fell victim to the violent actions of Islamic State (IS), which has a huge presence on social media, both on the surface web and on the Darknet. The goal is to outline the most important case-studies of Jihadi terrorism that were plotted and carried out by the terrorists and yet, not prevented by the classical intelligence authorities.

The authors analyze terrorism from the point of view of definitions in the national jurisdictions of the USA, China, EU, and Russia. They also compare approaches to determine key features of this phenomenon in the papers of the most cited researchers of terrorism. National counterterrorism policies are governed by national laws, which depend on the doctrinal basics of the definition of terrorism.