The article considers the theoretical aspects of the phenomenon of physical culture and sport as a social space in the framework of the main provisions of Pierre Bourdieu sociological theory. A retrospective review of scientific sources on the impact of physical culture and sports on various aspects of human life is made. Empirical studies allowing to apply the classical concepts of “social space”, “field”, “types of capital”, and “practice of agents” to physical culture and sports activities are noted. Objective and subjective characteristics of social fields in the structure of the social space of physical culture and sports are given. The types of agents’ practices in the fields of mass physical culture, physical culture in the education system, physical education, physical rehabilitation, and sports activity have been determined. The interrelation of the characteristics of fields and the activity of practical actions of agents is indicated, depending on their attitude to physical culture and sports. The possibility of using the social space of physical culture and sports for the correction of social well-being of various socio-demographic strata of society due to the genesis and accumulation of social and cultural capital at all levels of an individual’s functioning is assumed.