Poly-ethnicity of the Russian community, intense internal and external migration flows characteristics of the last decades, complex religious processes of the post-Soviet period and a number of equally important factors contributed to the deterioration of the inter-ethnic climate in multinational territories and the emergence of interethnic and interreligious intolerance against the background of a complex socio-economic situation in Russia. The aforementioned factors are an actual problem for the formation, preservation and maintenance of inter-ethnic peace and harmony. The difficult social situation and social tension in modern Russian society, sometimes-open interethnic confrontations in Russian megalopolises, contributed to the actualization of the issue of interethnic harmony. Therefore, the role of trust in different social links noticeably grows in such a situation. The results of the study show a high level of trust in the inner circle – family and parents. There is a markedly low level of trust in political structures. The respondents’ expressed confidence in the institutions of power, becomes an indicator of the the authorities’ socio-economic policy success and effectiveness. Moreover, manifestation of the institutional form of trust high degree states the respondents’ mass mind support of the state policy.