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At the initial stage of the religious revival, the activity of confessional institutions was somewhat passive, but now it is being intensifi ed, which is expressed in the expansion of the space of influence of religious figures, the orientation of the population to simultaneously receive religious and secular education, and the introduction of a large layer of the population with religious knowledge. The article puts forward the hypothesis about the increasing role of traditional faiths and religious institutions in the social processes of modern Russian society.

This article studies a different approaches and theoretical frameworks within which they clarify politization of Islam in the modern world. The authors argues non-efficiency of attempts to search of roots of the political reasonability and especially radicalization of modern Islam in the act of Islamic creation. In opposite to this simplifying position, this paper suggests politcal analysis both integration and disintegration potentials of Islam.