Scientific section. Sociology

The article analyzes a major research routes in modern sociology of old age and makes emphasis on the most important issues.

In this article represented results of empiric research of risk in everyday life of Saratov youths. It was identified motives of risk preparation and detected factors, which affect on the risk`s attitude of respondents. It was such factors as respondent’s age, occupation and desire to risk and create riskful situation. It was allocated five groups of people: «hyper venturesome», «venturesome», «risky», «moderately risky» and «not risky». We showed features of every type of respondents and indicated their advantages and disadvantages.

In the article the specifics of life difficulties overcoming by rural population in the period of their sharp aggravation in the society (crises) is grounded. The role of traditionalism and archaic character in realization of ways of getting the resources of surviving, and also new practices mastered by mobile groups of the rural population in the reforms period of rural life is shown.

In article the theoretical analysis of genesis of a social ideal is carried out. The author proves that the social ideal is caused by type of a sociality and acts in two modified forms: social ideal of communal type and public ideal. The public ideal as a special form of ideas of a perfect society organization appears only in the conditions of modern society and is connected with actualization of the main social contradiction «personality and society». In an ideological discourse we observe two ways of permission of this contradiction: liberal and socialist.