The article reflects dispositions, factorial models of choice, life strategies in the field of political trajectories of modern Russian youth on the basis of the empirical sociological research. The author’s typology of political dispositions of youth showing the importance of political aspirations in the ranks of life values, is given. The problematic issues in the implementation of the Russian youth policy regarding the support of political activity and political literacy of Russian youth, the development of their electoral interest and activity are identified. The contradiction between the relevance of the issue of supporting the political activity of Russian youth and the actual lack of effective practices for involving young people in political movements, the creation of a system of political education for young people, the formation of an adequate and active political position, and ensuring the participation of young people in the political transformations of the state was revealed.