военнослужащие

The article presents the results of the sociological study of Russian reserve servicemen conducted by the method of Internet questionnaire in 2025. According to the probabilistic quota-territorial sampling, 468 reserve servicemen were fi ltered and interviewed. The results were processed in the SPSS program.

The applied system-activity approach allows the military organization to be considered not as a closed bureaucratic machine, but as a complex, open system that constantly interacts with the external environment (society, military production, technology, politics). This makes it possible to analyze not only the direct, but also the indirect, delayed consequences of the decisions made, predicting the transformation of the professional potential of military personnel in the present and future periods.

The motivation of the military-professional activities of military personnel in the system of general official motivation of the military organization of Russia is considered. The motivation of the military-professional activities of military personnel is investigated as a dual system: a set of factors that encourage military actors to achieve professional designated goals, official or labor activities in general; a set of motivating motives for the implementation of professional actions of military personnel.

The article discusses the specifics of military personnel after the end of military service, their problems of transition to the civil society. It is noted that they retain their connection with the army, a social institution consisting of a rigidly hierarchical large armed aggregate of people, under the control of the state, ensuring the protection, defending national interests and providing assistance to other countries in confl icts.

The content of interethnic confl icts and the process of their prevention is revealed. The interethnic confl ict in the social groups of military personnel is revealed as a type of social confl ict that determines the growth of contradictions of values and interests, mutual misunderstanding of cultural priorities, hostility, inconsistency of service and labor behavior, conditions, as well as actions.

The specifi c problems of the development of the educational potential of Russians related to the sharp aggravation of the military confrontation in the world, the intensifi cation of hostilities in the Ukraine, the implementation of partial mobilization, as well as the mobilization of educational training of part of the economically active population of Russia are clarifi ed.

В статье дано определение социального слоя военнослужащих, показано его место в структуре современного общества, также 
затронут вопрос о специфике слоя военнослужащих. Приведена авторская стратификационная модель социальной группы военнослужащих.

Suppressive factors of cultural human capital development of contract soldiers and sergeants are revealed. Solutions of ascertained problems are presented, propositions directed to designing of proactive development processes of cultural development of contract military personnel are developed.

Currently, the contradictions of interethnic communication both in the Russian Federation as a whole and within the framework of individual military collectives worsen. At present, an important condition for the development of the culture of interethnic communication of servicemen is the process of searching and resolving internal contradictions of socio-cultural interaction of servicemen. In this context, the internal problems of the servicemen interethnic communication culture development are considered as a factor of these practices inhibition.

Theoretical, methodological, and empirical substantiation of the problem of values’ development of a serviceman’s family after the implementation of the civil-military relations reform in Russia in 2012 is presented. On the basis of the study from the sociological survey “Family Culture of the Russian Servicemen”, the trends in updating family values in the post-reform period are revealed.